Federal Style - Historic Buildings of Connecticut

Five Mile Point Lighthouse (1847)

The first Five Mile Point Light was constructed of wood in 1805 on the East side of New Haven Harbor. It was called Five Mile Point due to its distance from downtown New Haven. Considered to not be high or bright enough, the original tower was eventually replaced, in 1847, by the current one, built of brownstone with a brick lining. A newer lighthouse, built on nearby Southwest Ledge in 1877, superseded Five Mile Point Light, which thereafter ceased operation, although a caretaker continued to look after the structure. The land around where the lighthouse stands was later owned by the War Department and then the State of Connecticut, before eventually being acquired by the City of New Haven in 1924. This land soon became Lighthouse Point Park. The tower was renovated in 1986, with the exterior being steam cleaned and repainted. Adjacent to Five Mile Point Light is an 1835 keeper’s house, which at one time was connected to the tower by an enclosed wooden walkway (no longer extant). [Note that in the picture above the lighthouse is strung with lights as part of the park‘s holiday season Fantasy of Lights.]

The First Randolph Please House (1822)

Randolph Please built two homes in Middletown, on opposite sides of College Street, where it meets Broad Street. The first is a Federal townhouse, built around 1822, which once had four chimneys and a kitchen ell. The house is part of the Broad Street Historic District.

Richard Hayden House (1806)

Richard Hayden, an Essex shipbuilder and merchant, built the first brick house in town in 1806. He had earlier lived in the house which is now the Griswold Inn. Hayden was head of the Hayden Shipyard and he built a ship’s chandlery in 1813, which was later moved across Main Street. During the War of 1812, he built a privateer schooner, Black Prince, which he advertised in New York. This was one of the causes of the British Raid on Essex in 1814, which led to serious financial losses for Hayden, who died two years later. His widow and children remained in the Federal-style house until 1833, when Richard Hayden’s cousin, Samuel Hayden, bought the house. In 1894, Samuel’s daughter, Mary Tucker, left the house and furniture to St. John’s Episcopal Parish and it is now the church’s rectory.

Ralph Isham House (1820)

Around 1820, Ralph Isham, a merchant, built an impressive Federal style house on Colchester Green, next to the home of his father, Joseph Isham. The house was next owned by Henry Burr, a full partner in the Hayward Rubber Company, who had married Isham’s daughter, Lucretia. After her death in 1857, Burr continued to own the house, but rented it out. Among the tenants was the Justice of the Peace and house carpenter, Judge William Finley. The house had other residents over the years, but has more recently been used for commercial purposes.

Bacon Academy (1803)

Bacon Academy opened in 1803 in a plain but imposing three-story brick Federal-style building in the center of Colchester. The school was established with a $40,000 donation left in the will of Pierpont Bacon, a prosperous farmer, who died in 1800. It was decided by the new institution’s trustees that the school would focus on preparing young men for college, while local boys could also attend to prepare to enter business careers. The school had its heyday in the first half of the nineteenth century, especially under the leadership of John Adams (1803-1810), who later became principal of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and Charles Pomeroy Otis (1827-1837). Famous alumni of Bacon Academy include Stephen F. Austin, known as the Father of Texas, William Alfred Buckingham, Connecticut’s Civil War governor, and Lyman Trumbull, later a senator from Illinois. Bacon Academy’s national reputation declined in the early twentieth century, by which time it had become a more traditional privately endowed high school for the town of Colchester. It eventually passed from exclusive control by trustees to being supported by town tax money. Later additions to the building include the Victorian-era arched doorhood over the main entrance and a small rear ell, added in the early twentieth century. The current cupola is another nineteenth century addition, built over the original bell tower. By 1962, due to the growing student body, the students were moved to a new building. The original structure is still used by the town for school offices.

Coggshell House (1816)

UPDATE: This house has been demolished.

Update: The house is in danger of demolition!

In 1816, Nathaniel and Rebecca Coggeshall (Coggshell) purchased property on Broadway in Colchester from members of the Bulkley family. It is uncertain if the Coggshells or the previous owners built the house which is now on the site. Rebecca Cogshell died in 1848, at the age of 81 and her three daughters were owners of the house.

Fayerweather Island Lighthouse (1823)

In the eighteenth century, what is today the Black Rock neighborhood of Bridgeport developed as an active port. In 1808, Black Rock Harbor’s first lighthouse, made of wood, was built on the southern end of Fayerweather Island. This was destroyed in an 1821 hurricane and replaced, in 1823, by a stone tower, designed to withstand future rough weather. Fayerweather Island Light, also known as Black Rock Harbor Light, had a number of long-tenured lighthouse keepers. Stephen Moore began as keeper in 1817, but he was later injured and unable to tend the light. His daughter, Catherine Moore, who had begun assisting him as a girl, then took on the full duties of keeper, although her father retained the official position until he died, at age 100, in 1871. Kate Moore then officially became keeper, retiring in 1878. The lighthouse was decommissioned in 1933 and became part of Bridgeport’s Seaside Park. The tower eventually fell prey to vandals and the adjacent keeper’s house, built in 1879 after Kate Moore retired, burned down in 1977. There was a preservation effort in 1983, but eventually the island was again neglected and the lighthouse vandalized. A new preservation group eventually formed and, in 1998, the structure was restored and now has with graffiti-resistant paint and vandal-proof steel panes for the windows. Black Rock Harbor Light was also relit, using solar panels. The island is today attached to land by a stone breakwater.